KEJADIAN OBESITAS DAN KUALITAS DIET PADA DEWASA AWAL DI INDONESIA

https://doi.org/10.36441/jtepakes.v5i2.2905

Penulis

  • Athiya Fadlina Program Studi Gizi Universitas Sahid, Jakarta
  • Syadreniya Zahra Alifia Program Studi Gizi Universitas Sahid, Jakarta
  • Wardina Humayrah Program Studi Gizi Universitas Sahid, Jakarta
  • Dadi Hidayat Maskar Program Studi Gizi Universitas Sahid, Jakarta

Kata Kunci:

Dewasa awal, Kualitas Diet , Obesitas, Pola Makan

Abstrak

Kejadian obesitas semakin meningkat beberapa dekade terakhir. Penurunan kualitas kesehatan pada dewasa muda saat ini, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan obesitas, berpotensi meningkatkan risiko penyakit kronis dan memengaruhi kesehatan fisik serta mental di masa yang akan datang. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi status gizi adalah kualitas diet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan skor kualitas diet pada dewasa awal obesitas dan tidak obesitas di Indonesia. Desain studi penelitian ini adalah  cross sectional pada populasi dewasa awal di Indonesia. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara online dengan menggunakan kuesioner melalui Google Form yang diisi mandiri oleh responden. Kuesioner penelitian terdiri dari karakteristik sosiodemografi subjek dan kuesioner kualitas diet diadaptasi dari kuesioner WELL Diet Quality Score serta pertanyaan mengenai berat badan serta tinggi badan responden. Analisis data untuk melihat perbedaan rata-rata skor kualitas diet pada obesitas dan tidak obesitas menggunakan independent T-Test dan untuk data yang tidak terdistribusi normal menggunakan Mann Whitney U Test. Sebanyak 166 responden terkumpul dalam penelitian ini dan 31 (18,7%) responden mengalami obesitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata skor kualitas diet responden yang obesitas (51,967) secara signifikan lebih rendah dibandingkan yang tidak obesitas (57,192). Median skor konsumsi ikan, serealia utuh, dan buah-buahan juga secara signifikan lebih rendah pada responden yang obesitas dibandingkan yang tidak obesitas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan rata-rata skor kualiats diet pada dewasa awal yang obesitas dan tidak obesitas.

Referensi

Atmarita, A., Jahari, A.B., Sudikno, S. Soekatri, M., 2017. ASUPAN GULA, GARAM, DAN LEMAK DI INDONESIA: Analisis Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu (SKMI) 2014. GIZI INDONESIA, 39(1), pp.1–14.

Bonnie, R.J., Stroud, C., Breiner, H., Committee on Improving the Health, S., Board on Children, Y., Medicine, I. of and Council, N.R., 2015. Summary. In: Investing in the Health and Well-Being of Young Adults.

Ebrahimi, S., Leech, R.M., McNaughton, S.A., Abdollahi, M., Houshiarrad, A., Livingstone, K.M., 2021. Associations between diet quality and obesity in a nationally representative sample of Iranian households: A cross‐sectional study. Obesity Science & Practice, 8(1), pp.12–20.

Hakim, B.N.A., Yahya, H.M., Shahar, S. and Manaf, Z.A., 2018. Influence of fruit and vegetable intake on satiety and energy intake: a review. Sains Malaysiana, 47(10), pp.2381–2390.

Ham, E., Kim, H.-J., 2014. Evaluation of Fruit Intake and its Relation to Body Mass Index of Adolescents. Clinical Nutrition Research, 3(2), pp.126–133.

Inoue, Y., Qin, B., Poti, J., Sokol, R. and Gordon-Larsen, P., 2018. Epidemiology of obesity in adults: latest trends. Current obesity reports, 7, pp.276–288.

Jacob, R., Bertrand, C., Llewellyn, C., Couture, C., Labonté, M.-È., Tremblay, A., Bouchard, C., Drapeau, V., Pérusse, L., 2022. Dietary mediators of the genetic susceptibility to obesity—results from the Quebec family study. The Journal of Nutrition, 152(1), pp.49–58.

Kadam, I., Neupane, S., Wei, J., Fullington, L.A., Li, T., An, R., Zhao, L., Ellithorpe, A., Jiang, X., Wang, L., 2021. A systematic review of diet quality index and obesity among Chinese adults. Nutrients, 13(10), p.3555.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2018. Hasil utama RISKESDAS 2018. Jakarta Badan Penelit dan Pengemb Kesehatan, Kementrian Kesehat Republik Indones.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2023. Survei kesehatan indonesia (SKI) 2023 dalam angka. Kementerian Kesehatan Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan.

Kissock, K.R., Neale, E.P., Beck, E.J., 2021. Whole Grain Food Definition Effects on Determining Associations of Whole Grain Intake and Body Weight Changes: A Systematic Review. Advances in Nutrition, 12(3), pp.693–707.

Malik, V.S., Pan, A., Willett, W.C., dan Hu, F.B., 2013. Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98(4), pp.1084–1102.

Mendivil, C.O., 2021. Fish consumption: a review of its effects on metabolic and hormonal health. Nutrition and metabolic insights, 14, p.11786388211022378.

Muslihah, N., Ariestiningsih, A.D., Almirra, I.R., Ginting, A.T., 2022. Nutritional Status and its Associations with Eating Behavior and Diet Quality among Adult: A Cross-Sectional Study. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(T8), pp.167–173.

Norris, T., Blodgett, J.M., Rogers, N.T., Hamer, M., dan Pinto Pereira, S.M., 2022. Obesity in early adulthood and physical functioning in mid-life: Investigating the mediating role of c-reactive protein. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 102, pp.325–332.

Nour, M., Lutze, S.A., Grech, A., dan Allman-Farinelli, M., 2018. The Relationship between Vegetable Intake and Weight Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies. Nutrients, 10(11), p.1626.

Putri, U.M.P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Cao, S., 2024. The Association between Fast Food Consumption and Obesity among College Students in Indonesia. 2(2).

Sakir, N.A.I., Hwang, S.B., Park, H.J., Lee, B.H., 2024. Associations between food consumption/dietary habits and the risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in Jakarta, Indonesia. Nutrition Research and Practice, 18(1), pp.132–148.

Siswanto, P.D., Lamid, A., Prihatini, S.,Rosmalina, Y., 2014. Buku Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu dalam Studi Diet Total 2014. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbitan Badan Litbangkes.

Smelser, N.J., Baltes, P.B., 2001. International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences. Elsevier Amsterdam, The Netherlands:

Springfield, S., Cunanan, K., Heaney, C., Peng, K., Gardner, C., 2020. The WELL diet score correlates with the alternative healthy eating index‐2010. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(6), pp.2710–2718.

Tsuzaki, J., Maskarinec, G., Mapa, V., Shvetsov, Y.B., Park, S.-Y., Monroe, K.R., Lim, U., Le Marchand, L., Boushey, C.J., 2024. Diet Quality and Body Mass Index Over 20 Years in the Multiethnic Cohort. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 124(2), pp.194–204.

Wang, Y., Feng, J., Liu, T., Gong, Z. Zhuo, Q., 2024. Association between Whole-Grain Intake and Obesity Defined by Different Anthropometric Indicators and Dose–Response Relationship Analysis among U.S. Adults: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients, 16(14), p.2373.

World Health Organization, 2000. The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment.

Yu, Z.M., DeClercq, V., Cui, Y., Forbes, C., Grandy, S., Keats, M., Parker, L., Sweeney, E. and Dummer, T.J., 2018. Fruit and vegetable intake and body adiposity among populations in Eastern Canada: The Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow’s Health Study. BMJ open, 8(4), p.e018060.

Zhang, T., Ye, H., Pang, X., Liu, X., Hu, Y., Wang, Y., Zheng, C., Jiao, J., Xu, X., 2024. Seafood intake in childhood/adolescence and the risk of obesity: results from a Nationwide Cohort Study. Nutrition Journal, 23(1), p.77.

Diterbitkan

2023-11-05