Hinshelwood Biokinetic Evaluation and SWOT-Based Aesthetic Mitigation of Contact-Stabilization Units for Sustainable Tourism Landscapes

Abstract

The tourism industry faces high-strength organic waste threatens the very environments that attract visitors. This study proposes Invisible Engineering to integrate wastewater treatment into tourism landscapes as high-performance aesthetic assets. Using the Hinshelwood Equation Model, we evaluated a Contact-Stabilization (CS) system, finding a high microbial growth rate ( and an extreme yield coefficient (Y) of 22.10 mgVSS/mgCOD. While these kinetics allow for rapid organic reduction, they also cause dense sludge accumulation and anaerobic micro-zones that produce rotten egg odors. To mitigate these risks, a SWOT-based Aesthetic Mitigation Analysis suggests a hybrid configuration: a subsurface CS reactor integrated with plant rhizospheres. This system uses root-zone oxygenation to neutralize odors and stabilize biomass, transforming grey infrastructure into a hidden, functional park.